撰写高质量的文献综述对于学术研究至关重要。以下是详细步骤和实用句型，帮助你系统地完成文献综述。
01介绍理论背景(Theoretical Framework)
在回顾具体的文献前，需要先介绍你的研究主题下的理论背景或模型，因为这是所有文献的基础！是最基础的部分！常用句式：
常用句式：
This study is grounded in the theoretical framework of...
The foundational model for this research is...
According to the theoretical background of...
02介绍已有研究(Existing Literature)
在回顾已有研究时，一定要做到两件事：有重点、有层次。
有重点！
虽然是文献综述，但一定不是文献的堆积。要选择最和你研究课题相关的4-5篇文章重点回顾，其他的可以简略提及。
常用句式：
Recent evidence suggests that...
Extensive research has shown that...
Previous research has established that...
A series of recent studies have indicated that...
Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on...
There is a growing body of literature that investigates...
Ample evidence exists to support the view/hypothesis that...
Researchers have become increasingly interested in...
...is an emerging research area in the field of...
有层次！
不仅单篇文章重要，文章和文章之间的相互关系更重要。需要对阅读的文献进行归纳分类和比对。例如，可以把相同观点或使用相同研究方法的文章在一个段落介绍；同时要突出文献之间的冲突感，因为有了冲突感才能让文献回顾显得有层次，激发读者兴趣往下读！
常用句式：
The extent to which ... has remained controversial.
Whether and the extent to which ... determines the ... is controversial.
However, the extent to which the model of ... influences ... has been under much debate in the field of...
Some ... whereas some ...
There appear to be discrepancies between some of the reported observations.
The results on this question are mixed.
Research on this issue presents conflicting findings.
The literature on ... is less consistent.
There is far less consensus as to...
03介绍研究空白(Research Gap)
已有研究回顾完了，就该展现你的研究了。这时需要回答你为什么进行这项研究的问题，即现有研究存在哪些问题，哪些还没有被研究到，哪些文章的结论你不认同，哪些地方你觉得需要改进。这是展示你的批判性思维的关键部分。
研究空白常用句式（缺少前人研究）：
While some research has been carried out on..., much less is known about...
To date, this problem has received little attention in the research literature.
The role of... in... is less certain/understudied/poorly understood.
So far, however, there has been very little discussion about...
In contrast to..., there is much less information about the effects of...
研究空白常用句式（前人研究缺陷）：
This seems to be a common problem in...
The limitations of... are increasingly apparent.
One limitation in... is that...
The existing studies have many problems in...
The existing accounts fail to resolve/address...
Half of the studies evaluated failed to specify...
...'s research is not without controversy.
04介绍当前的研究(The Current Study)
最后，可以很自然地引出你的研究，给出一个概述，并再次明确你的研究目标。这部分应该和第三步的研究空白一致，才能前后呼应。
研究目标常用句式：
This study/paper/essay is aimed at...
This study provides an overview of...
This paper discusses the role of ... in...
This essay investigates the factors that determine...
The aim of this study is twofold. The first is to... The second is to...
